List of indigenous peoples of Brazil

This is a partial list of the Brazil's indigenous or native peoples.

Note that this is a sortable listing of peoples, associated language families and languages, indigenous locations, and population estimates and dates. A particular group listing may include more than one area because the group is distributed in more than one area.

The Indigenous peoples in Brazil (Portuguese: povos indígenas no Brasil) comprise a large number of distinct ethnic groups who inhabited the country prior to the European invasion around 1500. The word índios ("Indians"), was by then established to designate the people of the Americas and stuck being used today in the Portuguese language to designate these peoples, while the people of Asiatic India are called indianos in order to distinguish the two people.

At the time of European discovery, some of the indigenous peoples were traditionally semi-nomadic tribes who subsisted on hunting, fishing, gathering, and migrant agriculture. Many of the estimated 2,000 nations and tribes which existed in the 16th century died out as a consequence of the European settlement. The Indigenous population was largely killed off by the Europeans, declining from an estimated pre-Columbian high of millions to some 300,000 in 1997, grouped into some 200 tribes. A few trobes were assimilated into the Brazilian population.

In 2007, FUNAI reported that it had confirmed the presence of 67 different uncontacted tribes in Brazil, an increase from 40 in 2005. With this addition Brazil has now surpassed New Guinea as the country having the largest number of uncontacted peoples. Seven Terras Indígenas (TI) (Reservations) are exclusively reserved for isolated people:

Contents

Table of people

Name Other names Family / Language Placed Population
census / estimative
Year
Aikanã Aicanã, Aikaná, Massaká, Tubarão, Cassupá, Corumbiara, Aconã Aicanã Roraima 180 2005
Aimoré Botocudo, Krenak Krenak language
Ajuru Tupari Roraima 77 2001
Akuntsu Akunt'su  ? Roraima 6 2005
Amanayé Amanaié, Amanyé Tupi–Guarani Pará 192 2001
Amondaua Amondawa, Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau Tupi–Guarani Rondônia 115 2010
Anacé
Anambé Tupi–Guarani
*Anambé
Pará 132 2000
Aparai Apalai Karíb Pará 415 1998
Apiacá Apiaká Apiacá Mato Grosso 192 2001
Apinajé Apinayé, Apinaié Tocantin 1262 2003
Apolima Arara Portuguese Acre (state)  ?
Apurinã Arawakan Amazonas 2779
Aranã Portuguese Minas Gerais  ?
Arapaso Tucano Amazonas 328
Arara Arara do Pará, Ukaragma Karíb Pará 195
Araras Shawãdawa Arara do Acre, Shawanaua Panoan Acre (state) 332 (2004)
Araras-do-aripuanã Tupi–Arara Mato Grosso 150
Araueté Araweté Tupi-Guarani Pará 398 2010
Arikapú Arikapu Yabutian languages
*Arikapú
Portuguese
Rondônia 33 2010
Aruá Tupian languages
*Monde
**Aruá language
Rondônia 58
Ashaninka Ashenika, Kampa Asháninka language Acre (state) and Peru 1018 (AC), 97,477 (Peru) 2010, 2007
Assurini do Tocantins Akuawa, Asurini Tupi–Guarani Pará 466 (2010)
Assurinis do Xingu Awaete Tupi–Guarani Pará 154 (2010)
Atikum Aticum Portuguese Pernambuco 2743
Avá-Canoeiro Canoeiro, Cara-Preta, Carijó Tupi–Guarani Bananal Island in Tocantins and Northern Goiás 16
Guajá Awá Tupi–Guarani Maranhão 280
Aweti Aueti, Awytyza, Enumaniá, Anumaniá, Auetö Aweti, Kamayurá language, Portuguese Mato Grosso 195 (2011)
Bakairi Bacairi, Kurä, Kurâ Karíb Mato Grosso 950
Banawá Arawá Amazonas 100
Baniwa Baniva, Baniua, Curipaco, Walimanai Amazonas, Colombia, and Venezuela 5141 (6790) (3236)
Bará Bara tukano, Waípinõmakã Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 39 (296)
Barasana Panenoá Barasana language, Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 61 (939)
Baré Hanera Nheengatu Amazonas and Venezuela 2790 (1210)
Bororo Coxiponé, Araripoconé Bororo Mato Grosso 1024
Canela Ramkokamekrá, Apanyekrá Je Maranhão 2722 2010
Chamacoco Zamucoan languages, Samuko
*Chamacoco language
Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraguay 40, 1515 1994, 2002
Chiquitano Chiquitano language Mato Grosso and Bolivia 2000 (40000)
Cinta Larga Matetamãe Tupian languages
*Monde
**Cinta Larga
Rondônia and Mato Grosso 1300
Deni Jamamadi Deni Amazonas 736
Desano Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 1531 (2036)
Dâw Dow Nadahup languages
*Dâw language
Amazonas 100
Enáuenês-nauês Enawenê-Nawê Arawakan Mato Grosso 320
Ewarhuyana  ? Pará 12
Fulniô Fulni-o Yatê Pernambuco 2930
Kali'na people Kali'na tilewuyu, Galibi Carib language creoula Amapá and French Guiana 28 (2000)
Maroon-Kali'na Kheuol and Creole language, patois Amapá 1764
Gavião Mondé Tupian languages
*Monde
Rondônia 436
Paracatejê-gavião Timbira Oriental Pará 338
Pucobié-gavião Gavião Pykopjê Maranhão 250
Guajajara Tupi–Guarani Maranhão 13100
Guarani people (subgroups: Ñandeva, Kaiowa and Mbya) Tupi–Guarani Argentina, Bolívia, Paraguai, Uruguai, Brasil (RS/SC/PR, SP/RJ/MS) 34000 (Brasil)
Guató people Guató language Mato Grosso do Sul 372
Hupda Hup Maku Amazonas and Colombia 1500 (1997)
Hyskariana  ? Pará and Roraima  ?
Ikpeng Karib Mato Grosso 319
Ingarikó Karíb Roraima, Guyana and Venezuela 675 (4000) (728)
Iranxe Iranxe Mato Grosso 326
Jabuti Jaboti,
Djeoromitxi language
Rondônia 123
Jamamadi Jamamadi language
*Arawá
Amazonas,
Acre (state)
800
Jarauara Jarawara Arawá Amazonas 160
Javaé people Jê languages
*Macro-Jê
**Karajá language
***Javaé dialect
Tocantins 919
Jenipapos-canindé Jenipapos-kanindé Portuguese Ceará 220
Jeripankó
Jiahui Tupi–Guarani Amazonas 50
Jiripancó Portuguese Alagoa 1500
Juma people Yuma or Kagwahiva Tupi–Guarani
*Subgroup VI
**Juma language
Amazonas 7
Kaapor Tupi–Guarani Maranhão 800
Kadiuéu Cadiweu Guaikuru Mato Grosso do Sul 1592
Kaiabi people Caiabi Tupi–Guarani Mato Grosso and Pará 1000
Kaimbé Caimbé Portuguese Bahia 1270
Caingang Kaingang SP/PR/SC/RS 25000
Kaixana Caixana Portuguese Amazonas 224
Calabaça Kalabaças  ? Ceará  ?
Calancó Kalankós  ? Alagoa 230
Calapalo Kalapalos Karíb Mato Grosso 417
Camaiurá Kamayurá (Kamaiurá) Tupi–Guarani Mato Grosso 355
Camba Kambas  ? Mato Grosso do Sul  ?
Cambeba Kambebas Tupi–Guarani Amazonas 156
Cambiuá Kambiwás Portuguese Pernambuco 1578
Canamari Kanamaris Katukina Amazonas 1327
Apaniecras-canelas Kanela Apaniekra Maranhão 458
Rancocamecras-canelas Kanela Rankokamekra Maranhão 1337
Canindé Kanindés Portuguese Ceará  ?
Kanoê Canoê Tupian languages
*Monde
**Kanoê language
Rondônia 95
Cantaruré Kantarurés Portuguese Bahia 353
Capinauá Kapinawá Portuguese Pernambuco 422
Karajá Iny, Carajá Jê languages
*Macro-Jê
**Karajá or Ynã
Mato Grosso, Tocantins, and Pará 2500
Karapanã Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 42 (412)
Karapotó Portuguese Alagoas 796
Karipuná Tupi–Guarani Rondônia 21
Caripunas-do-amapá Karipunas-do-amapá Creoulo Francês Amapá 1708
Cariri Kariri Portuguese Ceará ?
Cariris-xocós Kariris-xocós Portuguese Alagoas 1500
Caritiana Karitianas Arikem Rondônia 206
Araras-caros Karos Ramarama Rondônia 184
Karuazu Portuguese Alagoa  ?
Katukina Katukina Amazonas 289
Katukina Panoan Acre and Amazonas 318
Katxuyana Karib Pará 69
Kaxarari Panoan Amazonas and Rondônia 269
Kaxinawá Panoan Acre and Peru 3964 (1400)
Kaxixó Caxixó Portuguese Minas Gerais  ?
Kayapo Caiapó (subgroups: Gorotire, A'ukre, Kikretun, Mekrãnoti, Kuben-Kran-Ken, Kokraimoro, Metuktire, Xikrin, and Kararaô) Mato Grosso and Pará 7096
Kiriri Quiriri Portuguese Bahia 1401
Cocama Kocamas Tupi–Guarani Amazonas, Peru, and Colombia 622 (10705) (236)
Korubo Korubu Panoan Amazonas 250
Craó Krahó West Timbira Tocantins 1900
Krenak Crenaque, Botocudo Krenak language Minas Gerais 150
Cricati Krikati Maranhão 620
Kubeo Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 287 (4238)
Kuikuro Karib Mato Grosso 450
Kujubim Cujubim, Miqueleno, Cujubi Txapakura group
Upper Rio São Miguel, Rondônia 27
Kulina Madihá Arawá Acre (state), Amazonas, and Peru 2318 (300)
Culinas-pano Kulinas-pano Panoan Amazonas 20
Kuripako Arawakan Amazonas and Colombia 1115 (?)
Curuaia Kuruayas Munduruku Pará 115
Kwazá Kwazá Rondônia 25
Machineri Arawakan Acre (state) 459
Macurap Tupari Rondônia 267
Makuna Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 168 (528)
Macuxi Makuxi Karib Roraima and Guyana 16500 (7500)
Marubo Panoan Amazonas 1043
Matipu Karib Mato Grosso 119
Matis Panoan
*Matis
Amazonas 239
Matsés Mayoruna Panoan Amazonas and Peru 829 (1000)
Maxacali Maxacalí Maxakalían Minas Gerais 802
Meinaco Mehinako Arawakan Mato Grosso 199
Metyktira 87 2007
Menqui Menki Iranxe Mato Grosso 78
Miranha Bora Amazonas and Colombia 613 (445)
Miritis-tapuia Miritys-tapuya Tucano Amazonas 95
Mundurucu Munduruku Munduruku Pará 7500
Muras Mura Amazonas 5540
Nadöb Maku Amazonas 300
Nauquá Nahukuá Karib Mato Grosso 105
Nambikwara Nambiquara, Nambikwara (subgroups Nambikwara do Campo, Nambikwara do Norte, Nambikwara do Sul) Nambikwara Mato Grosso and Rondônia 1145
Naruvoto Karib Mato Grosso 78
Náua Portuguese Acre (state) 458
Nukini Panoan Acre (state) 458
Ofayé Ofaié Ofaié Mato Grosso do Sul 56
Oro-uins Oro Win Txapakura group
*Madeira languages
**Oro Win
Rondônia 50
Paiter Tupian languages
*Monde
Rondônia 920
Pakaa Nova Waricaca', Uari, Orowari, Wari' Txapakura group
*Madeira languages
**Wari’ language
Rondônia 1930
Palicure Palikur Arawakan Amapá and French Guiana 1293 (2010)
Panará (Krenhakarore) Jê Mato Grosso and Pará 202
Pancararé Pankararés Portuguese Bahia 1500
Pankararu Portuguese Pernambuco 4146
Pankaru Portuguese Bahia 84
Parakanã Tupi–Guarani Pará 800
Pareci Arawakan Mato Grosso 1293
Parintintin Tupi–Guarani Amazonas 156
Patamona Karib Roraima and Guiana 50 (5500)
Pataxó Pataxó-hã-hã-hães Portuguese Bahia 2790
Paumari Arawá Amazonas 870
Pipipã Portuguese Pernambuco ?
Pirarrã Mura-pirahã, Pirahã Mura Amazonas 360
Piratapuia Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 1004 (400)
Pitaguari Pitaguarys Portuguese Ceará 871
Potiguara Potyguara, Pitiguara Potiguara and Portuguese Paraíba 7575
Poianaua Poyanawas Panoan Acre (state) 403
Rikbaktsa Jê languages
*Macro-Jê
**Rikbaktsas
Mato Grosso 909
Sakurabiat Tupari Rondônia 66
Sateré-Mawé Mawé Amazonas and Pará 7134
Shanenawa Panoan Acre (state) 178
Siriano Selea, Sürá Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 17 (665)
Suruí Aikewara Tupi–Guarani Rondônia 185
Suiá Suyás Mato Grosso 334
Tabajara Portuguese Ceará  ?
Tapaiúna Tapayuna Mato Grosso 58
Tapeba Portuguese Ceará 2491
Tapirapé Tupi–Guarani Mato Grosso 438
Tapuia Portuguese Goiás 235
Tariana Arawakan Amazonas and Colombia 1914 (205)
Taurepangue  ? Roraima and Venezuela 532 (21,000)
Tembé Tupi–Guarani Pará and Maranhão 820
Tenharim Kagwahiva Tupi–Guarani
*Subgroup VI
**Tenharim language[1]
Amazonas 585
Terena Arawakan Mato Grosso do Sul 15795
Ticuna Ticuna Amazonas, Peru, and Colombia 32613 (4200) (4535)
Tingui-botó Portuguese Alagoas 350
Tirió Tiriyó (subgroups: Tsikuyana e Kah'yana) Karíb Pará and Suriname 735 (376)
Torá Txapakura group
*Madeira languages
**Torá language
Amazonas 51
Tremembé Portuguese Ceará 5000
Truká Portuguese Pernambuco 1333
Trumai Trumai Mato Grosso 120
Tsunhuam Djapa Tsohom-dyapa Katukina Amazonas 100
Tucano Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 4604 (6330)
Tumbalalá Portuguese Bahia 900
Tupari Tupari Rondônia 338
Tupinambá Portuguese Bahia ?
Tupiniquim Tupinikim Portuguese Espírito Santo 1386
Turiuara Turiwara Tupi–Guarani Pará 60
Tuxá Portuguese Bahia and Pernambuco 1630
Tuiúca Tuyuka Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 593 (570)
Umutina Bororo Mato Grosso 124
Uaiuai Wais wai (subgroups: Karafawyana, Xereu, Katuena, and Mawayana) Karib Roraima, Amazonas, Pará, and Guiana 2020 (130)
Uaimiris-atroari Waimiris-atroari Karib Roraima and Amazonas 931
Oiampi Wajãpis Wajãpi, da família Tupi–Guarani Amapá and French Guiana 525 (412)
Uanano Wananas Tucano Amazonas and Colombia 447 (1113)
Uapixana Wapixana Arawakan Roraima and Guiana 6500 (4000)
Uarequena Warekena Arawakan Amazonas and Venezuela 491 (409)
Uassu Wassu, Wasu Portuguese Alagoas 1447
Uaurá Wauja Arawakan Mato Grosso 321
Uaiana Wayana Karib Pará, Suriname and French Guiana 415 (400) (800)
Uitoto Witoto Witoto Amazonas, Colombia, and Peru (5,939) (2775)
Wassu-Cocal
Xakriabá Xacriaba Minas Gerais 6000
Xambioá Karajá do Norte, Ixybiowa, or Iraru Mahãndu Jê languages
*Macro-Jê
Karajá language
Xambioá dialect
Tocantins 185
Xavante Mato Grosso 9602
Xerentes Xerente Tocantins 1814
Xetá Tupi–Guarani Paraná 8
Caiapós-xicrin Xikrin Kayapó, Jê languages Pará 1,052
Xipaia Xipaya Juruna Pará 595
Xoclengue Xoclengue Santa Catarina 757
Xocó Xokó Portuguese Sergipe 250
Xukuru Portuguese Pernambuco 6363
Xukuru Kariri Portuguese Alagoas 1820
Yaminawa Panoan Acre, Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia 618 (324) (630)
Ianomâmi Yanomami (subgroups Yanomam, Sanumá and Ninam) Yanomami Roraima, Amazonas, and Venezuela 11700 (15193)
Yawalapiti Iaualapiti Arawakan Mato Grosso 208
Yawanawá Iauanauá Panoan Acre (state) 450
Ye'kuana Yekuana, Yequana, Maiongong Karib Roraima and Venezuela 426 (3632)
Yudjá Yuruna, Juruna, Yudja Juruna Pará and Mato Grosso 278
Yuhupde Maku Amazonas and Colômbia  ?
Zo'é Poturu Tupi–Guarani Pará 152
Zoró Pangyjej Tupian languages
*Monde
Mato Grosso 414
Zuruahã Suruwahá Arawá Amazonas 143

See also

References

External links